一般来讲元音字母在单词中读元音，辅音字母在单词中读辅音，理论上每个元音字母要有四种读音才能满足20个元音音素的读音需要。单个元音字母在音节中的读音一般规则可以归纳为下表：
1. 字母Ａ读重开音
1）字母Ａ在重读开音节中读字母音：
name grade eraser cake same table late favourite face plane potato skate make lake take save station tomato safe gate snake cage baby paper famous later radio patient
2）字母Ａ在重读开音节中读长音:
banana father rather
2.字母Ａ读重闭音
字母Ａ在重读闭音节中读 ：
map bag apple glad hat black catch hamburger math rabbit bank accident happen exam cabbage fact
3.字母Ａ读非重音
1）字母Ａ在非重读音节读：
American China capital husband hospital vegetable laboratory library about agree
2) 字母Ａ在非重读音节读：
orange language manager village temperature message cabbage chocolate
４.字母Ａ读协同音
１）字母A在W后读或 ：
washroom watch water wash was Washington
２）字母A在S/ n前读：
class ask past basket glass pass France dance fast last grass headmaster
３）字母A在L前读：
ball wall small tall all talk call walk already although hall salt false almost also
５.字母A读音不规则音：
have family many any animal madam manager
二、元音字母Ｅ在音节中的读音1. 字母Ｅ读重开音
１）字母Ｅ在重读开音节读字母音：
these we evening be even Chinese Japanese she he me metre
2）字母E在重读开音节读：
very America vegetable medicine melon second never together celebrate elephant
２. 字母Ｅ读重闭音
字母E在重读闭音节读：
ten spell pen desk egg welcome let address dress next leg empty rest letter better left tell remember invent December wet message
3.字母Ｅ读非重音
１）字母Ｅ在非重读音节读:
college toilet chicken harvest forest pocket racket wallet knowledge
2) 字母Ｅ在非重读音节读:
science hello open listen seven different even
4.字母Ｅ读协同音
字母E在ri/ro前读：
zero serious period experience series
三、元音字母Ｉ在音节中的读音1.字母I读重开音
1）字母I在重读开音节中读字母音 ：
hi nine Chinese fine wife kite white line mine beside knife rice ice ride write price hike exciting lion tiger quite diary science invite
2）字母I重读开音节中读长音：
police machine policeman magazine
2.字母Ｉ读重闭音
字母I在重读闭音节中读 ：
six think picture twin with drink chips swim sing dinner dish trip winter pick lift village
３.字母Ｉ读非重音
１）字母Ｉ在非重读音节中读:
family tennis favorite America capital office important animal
2）字母Ｉ在非重读音节中读:
pencil cousin festival holiday
4.字母Ｉ读协同音
字母I在gh前读 ：
right light bright flight
５.字母I读音不规则音：
river give city visit finish cinema digital after
四、元音字母O在音节中的读音１.字母Ｏ读重开音
1）字母O在重读开音节中读字母音 ：
no hello home those over phone open so nose broken close smoke October hope ago notice
2）字母O在重读开音节中读长音 ：
who do improve move lose
２.字母Ｏ读重闭音
字母O在重读闭音节中读 ：
not clock doctor lock from shop hot hospital job hobby problem dollar college dolphin soccer rock concert song pocket lost
３.字母Ｏ读非重音
字母Ｉ在非重读音节中读:
together today welcome police carrot history lesson lion
４.字母Ｏ读协同音
字母O在th/ ve/ n/m前读 ：
mother brother love some money glove other Monday another nothing monkey front month
５.字母O读不规则音：
colour body woman popular post most both
五、字母U在音节中的读音１.字母Ｕ读重开音
1）字母U在重读开音节中读字母音 ：
computer excuse student use music usually refuse human produce scuba pupil universe huge duty
2）字母U在重读开音节中读长音 ：
ruler true July June pollute rule
２.字母U读重闭音
字母Ｕ在重读闭音节中读 ：
number cup bus much us husband uncle must lunch hundred hungry jump run fun
３.字母Ｕ读非重音
1)字母Ｕ在非重读音节中读:
upon stadium minus success Augest autumn supportsupply suppose success
2)字母Ｕ在非重读音节中读:
minute
４.字母Ｕ读协同音
字母 U在q/g后读 ：
question quickly language quiet quarrel penguin
５.字母U读不规则音：
study busy business put full push pull
辅音字母读音一般规则英语辅音字母有21个，辅音音素28个，相对于元音字母辅音字母的读音比较对称。大多数辅音字母在单词中读字母音的节首音或韵尾音，少数辅音字母对应多个读音，也有个别辅音字母不发音。辅音字母在单词中的读音如下表：
１.字母Ｃ的读音规则
1）字母C在E、I、Y读 ：
nice certainly rice price cent century celebrate concert necessary recently success city medicine exciting cinema decide circle cycle exercise
2）. 字母C在ie、io、ia前读：
delicious especially appreciate precious social associate ocean official ancient special
2.字母N的读音
字母N在K或G前读：
think thanks thing long strong singer song ring finger sink pink
3.字母S的读音
1）字母S读轻音：
six plus minus spell secret desk bus sorry ] seven sister same sit see address guess must sky dress past
2) 字母S读浊音：
is please blouse Chinese his excuse these husband cousin cheese because busy eraser rise rose easy
3）.字母S在u、 ure、 ia、 iao前读、：
sure Russian sugar discussion pleasure television usually decision
4.字母T的读音
1）字母T在ia、 ie、 io前读：
station patient question mention information invitation education direction
2）字母T在前ure读：
picture century temperature future
5.字母X的读音
1）字母X读清音：
excuse exchange except experience experiment explain expensive extraordinary
2）字母X读浊音：
exact exam example exist exhaust executive
6.字母Y的读音
1) 字母Ｙ在节首读：
yes yellow year young your yard
2)字母Ｙ在重读音节核心读:
my bye eye why buy by type
3) 字母Ｙ在非重读音节核心读：
twenty very really many any library candy healthy